In vitro Evaluation of the Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Herbal Mixtures Containing Carica papaya, Azadirachta indica, and Allium sativa

Background and Objective: Inflammation is a natural defense response to tissue damage brought on by toxic substances and physical trauma. Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) are the most widely used medications for the treatment of inflammatory disorders; nevertheless, they have several side effects, particularly stomach irritation, which can result in the development of gastric ulcers. The in vitro anti-inflammatory potential of herbal mixture of Carica papaya, Azadirachta indica and Allium sativa was investigated in the present research. Materials and Methods: The collected plant materials were rinsed in clean water air-dried at room temperature under the shade to constant weight and pulverized into powder. The herbal formulation was made by combining the pulverized samples of Carica papaya, Azadirachta indica and Allium sativa parts in the ratios (1:1:1, 2:1:1, 1:2:1 and 1:1:2 w/w), respectively to obtain four permutations of the herbal mixture. Exactly 500 g of each of the herbal formulated ratio was extracted in 2.5 L of absolute ethanol and evaluated for membrane stabilization activity and inhibition of albumin denaturation at different concentrations, 100, 200, 300 and 400 μg/mL. Results: The results of in vitro anti-inflammatory potential revealed that the various ratios of the herbal formulation perform relatively close in both egg albumin denaturation and heat induced membrane stability ability. Although, C-2:1:1 ratio at 400 μg/mL has higher protein denaturation percent (78.53%) while B-1:1:2, C-2:1:1 and D-1:2:1 were at pal in the heat induced membrane stability potential (79.78, 79.34 and 80.82, respectively). Conclusion: The herbal mixtures containing Carica papaya, Azadirachta indica and Allium sativa at different ratios and concentrations displayed reasonable inhibition of SRBC hemolysis and albumin denaturation that marked anti-inflammatory potential comparable to the standard anti-inflammatory drug (diclofenac). Therefore, the various herbal mixture ratios can be utilized against inflammation.